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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク History of the Supreme Court of the United States ： ウィキペディア英語版 History of the Supreme Court of the United States The following is a history of the Supreme Court of the United States, organized by Chief Justice. The Supreme Court of the United States is the only court specifically established by the Constitution of the United States, implemented in 1789; under the Judiciary Act of 1789, the Court was to be composed of six members—though the number of justices has been nine for almost all of its history, this number is set by Congress, not the Constitution. The court convened for the first time on February 2, 1790. ==The Jay, Rutledge, and Ellsworth Courts (1789–1801)== The first Chief Justice of the United States was John Jay, and the Court's first docketed case was ''Van Staphorst v. Maryland'' (1791) and its first recorded decision was ''West v. Barnes'' (1791).〔(U.S. Supreme Court Records of Earliest caselaw PDF (accessed April 24, 2009) )〕 Perhaps the most controversial of the Supreme Court's early decisions was ''Chisholm v. Georgia'', in which it held that the federal judiciary could hear lawsuits against states. Soon thereafter, responding to the concerns of several states, Congress proposed the Eleventh Amendment, which granted states immunity from certain types of lawsuits in federal courts. The Amendment was ratified in 1795. Jay was succeeded as Chief Justice by John Rutledge, and then by Oliver Ellsworth. No major cases came before the Supreme Court during this time. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「History of the Supreme Court of the United States」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.